Any member of the UDC community may come into contact with a distressed student.  Being aware of distress signals, methods of intervention, and sources of help for the student can help you to effectively address such situations.  The psychologists and counselors at the Center (202) 274-6000 are available to faculty and staff for consultation regarding these issues.

SIGNS OF DISTRESS

• Depression  While we all may feel depressed from time to time, "normal" depressions consist of only one or two symptoms and usually pass within days.  Clinically depressed students will exhibit multiple symptoms for a longer period of time.  Some of these symptoms are sleep disturbances, poor concentration, change in appetite, loss of interest in pleasurable activities, withdrawal, poor hygiene, and loss of self-esteem.

• Agitation & Acting Out  Representing a departure from normal behavior, this might include being restless/hyperactive, defensive, antagonistic, and/or disruptive.

• Disorientation  Some distressed students seem "out of it."  They may appear less aware of what is going on around them, be more forgetful, misperceive facts or realities, be rambling or disconnected in their speech, and/or demonstrate behavior that seems out of context or bizarre.

• Substance Abuse  Signs of intoxication during class or other indications that the student has a problem with alcohol or drugs.

• Suicidal Thoughts  Most people who attempt suicide communicate with others about their distress.  These messages can range from "I don't want to be here," to a series of vague "good-byes," to "I'm going to kill myself."  Nonverbal messages could include giving away valued items and putting legal, financial, and University affairs in order.  All of the above messages should be taken seriously.

• Aggression & Violence  Students may become dangerous to others.  This may be manifested by physically violent behavior, verbal threats, threatening e-mails or letters, harassing or stalking behaviors, and papers/exams that contain violent or threatening material. 

HOW TO INTERVENE  While it is not expected that you provide a thorough assessment, you may be the first contact for a student in distress and in a position to ask a few questions.  Following these guidelines can help lead to positive outcomes for all parties.

• Safety First  Always keep safety in mind when interacting with a distressed student.  Maintain a safe distance and keep eye contact with the student.  If danger to you or the student seems imminent, contact Campus Police at (202) 274-5050.

• Avoid Escalation:  Distressed students are sometimes easily provoked.  Avoid threatening, humiliating, and intimidating responses.  Use a calm, non-confrontational approach to defuse the situation.  Distressed students are in need of listening and support.  You can remind them of rules at some later time.

• Ask Direct Questions  You need not be afraid to ask students directly if they are drunk, confused, or have thoughts of harming themselves.  You will not be "putting ideas into their heads" by doing so.  Most distressed students are relieved to know that someone has noticed and is expressing concern.

• Do Not Assume You Are Being Manipulated  While it is true that some students feign distress in order to elicit attention or relief from responsibility, only a thorough assessment can determine this.  Attention-seekers may have serious problems and be in danger, too.

• Know Your Limits  You will be able to help many distressed students on your own simply by listening to them and providing a little support and guidance.  However, some students will require much more assistance than you may want or be able to provide.  Some signs that you may have over-extended yourself include:  (1) feeling stressed out or overwhelmed by the situation, (2) feeling angry at or afraid of the student, and (3) having thoughts of "adopting" or otherwise rescuing the student.

• Make A Good Referral to the Center-- Frame the decision to seek counseling as a courageous, mature choice.  Let the student know that counseling services are free, voluntary, and confidential.  Assist the student in making an appointment with the Counseling and Career Development Center at (202) 274-6000.

CRISIS SITUATIONS

If you are helping a distressed student with a current mental health emergency or concerned that the student is in immediate danger of self harm, please do not delay.  Call 911 for immediate help.